Paper Title: The Contribution of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) in STEM: Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Scientific Innovations
Author:
Abstract:
The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) embodies centuries of accumulated wisdom, scientific exploration, and philosophical inquiry that have significantly shaped the foundations of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Rooted in ancient texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and treatises like Aryabhatiya, Sushruta Samhita, and Vaastushastra, IKS reflects a holistic approach to knowledge where theory and practice coexist. Contributions in mathematics, including the invention of zero, decimal place value, and advanced algebraic methods, provided frameworks that remain central to modern computation. Indian astronomers such as Aryabhata and Bhaskaracharya pioneered models of planetary motion and time calculation, prefiguring later global advancements. In medicine, Ayurveda and surgical practices documented by Sushruta highlight empirical observation, systemic classification, and sustainable healing techniques still relevant in modern biomedical research. Engineering and architecture, exemplified in town planning of the Indus Valley and temple construction guided by Vaastu principles, reveal deep integration of science, design, and environment. Beyond specific innovations, IKS emphasizes interconnectedness, sustainability, and experiential learning, aligning closely with contemporary goals of inclusive and ethical STEM education. Re-examining IKS thus provides not only historical insights but also pathways for fostering innovation, sustainability, and cultural rootedness within global STEM practices.
Keywords:Indian Knowledge System, Science, Sustainable, STEM, Inclusive
DOI Link – https://doi.org/10.63431/AIJITR/2.V.2025.84-90
Review By – Dr. Parimal Sarkar and Dr. Amit Adhikari